Mental Health and Quality of Life Assessment in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly affects patients QoL through physical, psychological, and social challenges. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among CKD patients and explore their relationship with sociodemographic factors, such as age, education, and disease stage. A cross-sectional study was conducted at KLE’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital, Belagavi, including 106 CKD patients aged 18 and above. Data were collected through structured interviews using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales to assess anxiety and depression, and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure QoL across four domains: physical, psychological, social, and environmental well-being. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v29, to examine QoL and various sociodemographic and disease-related factors. Results indicated that the majority of CKD patients were between 21-60 years old, with a notable number being self-employed males and housewives among females. Approximately 52.83% of participants were on dialysis, and a higher percentage were in Stage 2 CKD. Psychological distress was prevalent, with males exhibiting mild to moderate anxiety and depression, while females had a higher prevalence of severe depression. QoL scores were generally moderate to poor across all domains, reflecting the significant impact of CKD on both mental and physical well-being. conclusion the study emphasizes the need for integrated care that addresses both medical and psychological needs of CKD patients to improve their QoL. Further research is needed to develop strategies for long-term improvements in CKD patient care.