UNELE ASPECTE DE UTILIZARE A TEHNOLOGIILOR METAGENOMICE: DIAGNOSTICUL INFECȚIILOR ȘI SUPRAVEGHEREA REZISTENȚEI LA ANTIMICROBIENE

Summary. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global thread. The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) poses a major public health challenge. Advances in molecular biology, metagenomic sequencing, are essential for identifying ARG diversity and uncovering factors contributing to AMR. This study reviews over 135 recent articles on AMR and metagenomic technology from PubMed, published last five years. While culture methods identify ARBs, metagenomic profiling detects ARGs within and outside bacterial genomes. Whole Genome Sequencing provides insights into resistance and virulence, but metagenomics allows comprehensive analysis of microbial communities. Metagenomic sequencing is increasingly used for AMR surveillance and diagnostics, offering detailed microbial insights and improving pathogen detection in clinical and environmental samples. Key words: antimicrobial resistance, metagenomics, sequencing