A Review paper On Thermal Performance Enhancement of Pulsating Heat Pipes Using Nanofluids

The advancement of modern technology has significantly increased the demand for compact and efficient thermal management systems, particularly in the field of electronic device cooling. Among the various solutions, heat pipes integrated with mono and hybrid nanofluids have gained attention for their potential to enhance heat trans-fer and support system miniaturization. This report delivers a comprehensive review of recent developments in pulsating heat pipe (PHP) technology. It begins with a foundational introduction to heat pipes, followed by an in-depth discussion on different wick structures, including sintered, grooved, and mesh designs. The study further investigates the role of mono and hybrid nanofluids as working fluids and highlights their applications. Research conducted over the last decade is reviewed, focusing on the classification of heat pipes, the selection of working fluids, methods for preparing nanofluids, and the techniques used for their characterization. The influence of various operational parameters such as the size, shape, and concentration of nanoparticles, filling ratio, thermal conductivity, and heat input is thoroughly examined.