Tulipa kolpakowskiana Regel

Tulipa kolpakowskiana Regel, Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 266 (1877). Fig. 28 Type. Kazakhstan • ‘ In Turkestania prope Verniy et in valle fluvii Almatinka’, A. Regel (holotype LE; possible isotype K). General distribution. Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and China (Xinjiang) (POWO 2024). Distribution in Kazakhstan and habitat. Trans-Ili Kungey Alatau, Moiynkum, Chu-Ili range, Dzungarian Alatau, Kyrgyz Alatau, and Ketmen Terskey Alatau. This species grows on clayey, less often gravelly, slopes of steppe and desert foothills. Conservation status. Tulipa kolpakowskiana is a near threatened species at the global level (IUCN 2024). It is included in the red book of Kazakhstan (Category III). Phenology. Flowering in April – May; fruiting in June – July. Notes. Tulipa kolpakowskiana was first described by E. L. Regel in 1877 from Verniy vicinity (Almaty). This species was named in honor of G. A. Kolpakowskiy, an honorary member of the Russian Geographical Society (Ivashchenko and Belyalov 2019). Van Raamsdonk et al. (1997) classified this species as a synonym of T. altaica var altaica. However, after studying wild material, Zonneveld (2009), distinguished it as a separate species of the section Kolpakowskianae (Everett et al. 2013). In nature, this species often hybridizes with T. ostrowskiana, T. tetraphylla, and T. brachystemon (Vvedensky 1935; Ivashchenko and Belyalov 2019).