Analysis of Patient Safety Culture among Healthcare Workers at Community Health Centers in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

Abstract : This study aims to analyze the culture of patient safety among healthcare workers at Way Halim II Inpatient community health center, Satelit Inpatient community health center, and Pasar Ambon community health center in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, in 2025. This cross-sectional survey used quantitative data that were collected through questionnaires distributed to all 200 healthcare workers using total sampling and analyzed with SPSS software. The research looks at 12 aspects of patient safety culture, such as how openly information is shared, how feedback and communication about mistakes happen, how often safety incidents are reported, how handoffs and transitions are managed, the support from management, responses that don’t punish mistakes, learning within the organization, views on patient safety, staffing levels, actions to promote safety, cooperation between different units, and cooperation within the same unit. The findings indicate that, overall, patient safety culture in the three community health centers is relatively good, particularly in staff support, cross-unit collaboration, and leadership openness. However, challenges remain, especially regarding low reporting rates for non-severe incidents, suboptimal non-punitive environments, and uneven information completeness during handoffs. Promoting inclusive leadership, strengthening teamwork, and fostering open communication are critical for enhancing patient safety practices. This study provides recommendations for policy development, capacity building, and future research directions to foster a sustainable, safety-oriented organizational culture in primary healthcare settings.