SMEDI in Swine for Reproductive Losses

<p><span>SMEDI (Stillbirth, Mummification, Embryonic Death, and Infertility) in pigs is a reproductive syndrome that causes significant economic losses in pig farming, primarily due to decreased litter sizes, high stillbirth rates, and the birth of weak or non-viable piglets. The most common cause of SMEDI is Porcine Parvovirus (PPV), but other viral infections such as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Leptospira spp., Swine Influenza Virus (SIV), and Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) also contribute to this condition. SMEDI is characterized by embryonic death, mummification, stillbirth, and infertility, often depending on the timing of infection during gestation. Diagnosing SMEDI involves post-mortem examinations, serology, PCR testing, and ultrasound, which help identify the causative pathogens. Prevention and control of SMEDI rely heavily on vaccination, strict biosecurity measures, good herd management, and sanitation practices. Despite limited treatment options for viral infections, managing secondary bacterial infections with antibiotics and antiviral therapies, alongside fertility management, can help reduce the incidence of SMEDI in breeding herds. Effective herd management practices are essential for minimizing reproductive failure and ensuring sustainable productivity in pig farming.</span></p>