Siphonaria funiculata Reeve 1856

Siphonaria funiculata Reeve, 1856 (Figs 33A–H, O–P, S–U, 34A–D) Siphonaria funiculata Reeve 1856: pl. 2, species 6 (type locality: ‘Van Diemen’s Land’ [Tasmania, Australia]).— Hanley 1858b: 152; Angas 1867: 232; Tenison Woods 1877: 58; 1878b: 99; Whitelegge 1889: 117; Paetel 1889: 428; Henn & Brazier 1894: 179; Tate & May 1901: 419; Pritchard & Gatliff 1903: 220; Hedley 1917b: M96; May 1921: 88; 1923: 87, pl. 41, fig. 3; Iredale 1924: 275; Macpherson & Gabriel 1962: 262, fig. 301; Galindo 1977: 416; Jenkins 1981: 2, pl. 1b; 1983: 29; Quinn 1983: 83; Phillips et al. 1984: 79, text-fig.; Short & Potter 1987: 122; Jansen 1995: 90, fig. 377; Davey 1998: 119, top fig.; Grove et al. 2006: 60, 2011: 62, pl. 29, fig.14; White & Dayrat 2012: 63; Colgan & da Costa 2013: 74; Dayrat et al. 2014: 266, ‘unit 8’, fig. 3 I–J; Gonzàlez-Wevar et al. 2018: 5, fig. 1. Siphonaria blainvillei Hanley 1858b: 152, 153 (type locality unknown [probably Tasmania, Australia]).— Paetel 1889: 428; Hedley 1915: 752; Jenkins 1981: 2, pl. 1a; Coan & Kabat 2012: 336; Grove et al. 2006: 60; White & Dayrat 2012: 61. Siphonaria lirata — Hanley 1858b: 152; Hedley 1915: 751; Galindo 1977: 416; White & Dayrat 2012: 65; Dayrat et al. 2014: 267 (not S. lirata Reeve, 1856). Siphonaria luzonica — Angas 1865: 190 (not S. luzonica Reeve, 1856). Siphonaria laeviuscula — Hutton 1878: 42 (not S. laeviuscula Blainville, 1835). Siphonaria zonata — Tate & May 1901: 419 (not S. zonata Tenison Woods, 1878). Siphonaria virgulata Hedley 1915: 751, pl. 85, figs 96–98 (type locality: Terrigal, Sydney, and Twofold Bay [NSW, Australia]).— Hedley 1917b: M95; Iredale 1924: 276; Hubendick 1943: 4; Macpherson & Chapple 1951: 142; Hubendick 1955: 1, fig 1; Galindo 1977: 416; Crease 1980: 38; Jenkins 1981: 2, pl. 2a–k; Short & Potter 1987: 122; Davey 1998: 119; Grove et al. 2006: 60; Chim & Tan 2009: 269; White & Dayrat 2012: 69. Talisiphon virgulata — Iredale 1940: 442; Iredale & McMichael 1962: 82. Siphonaria oblivirgulata Hubendick 1943: 2, figs 2, 6 (type locality: Port Jackson, Australien [Australia]).— Grove et al. 2006: 60; White & Dayrat 2012: 66. Siphonaria (Pachysiphonaria) funiculata — Hubendick 1945: 12, 15, 16, 66, figs 3, 12, 58; 1946: 23, pl. 1, figs 15–17. Siphonaria (Benhamina) oblivirgulata — Hubendick 1946: 25, pl. 1, figs 26–29. Talisiphon funiculata — Cotton 1959: 441. Talisiphon oblivirgulata — Iredale & McMichael 1962: 82. Siphonaria (Talisiphon) virgulata — Morrison 1963: 7. Pachysiphonaria funiculata — Trew 1983: 2. Pachysiphonaria virgulata — Trew 1983: 2. Siphonaria diemenensis — Davey 1998: 117 (not S. diemenensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1833). Siphonaria tasmanica — Davey 1998: 118 (not S. tasmanica Tenison Woods, 1877). Material examined. Type material. Lectotype of Siphonaria funiculata Reeve, 1856, present designation, from Tasmania [Australia] (NHMUK MC.197927/1, Fig. 33A). Three paralectotypes, same data as lectotype (NHMUK MC.197927/2-4). Holotype of Siphonaria blainvillei Hanley, 1858 (NHMUK 1907.10.28.90, Fig. 33D). Holotype of Siphonaria virgulata Hedley, 1915, from Terrigal [E of Gosford, NSW], Sydney; coll. C. Hedley, 1915 (AM C.39858, Fig. 33C). Twenty paratypes, same data as holotype (AM C.337311). Holotype of Siphonaria oblivirgulata Hubendick, 1945, from Port Jackson [Sydney, Australia]; coll. Eugenie Exp., 1851–1853 (UUZM 1575, Fig. 33E). Other, non-type material. Australia: NSW: Brunswick Heads, 28°32.297’S, 153°33.444’E, NSW12- 1 (AM C.585592 4p, C.585068 p [M185]); Cape Byron, 28°38’S, 153°38’E (AM C.311682 5p); Sand Point, N of Ballina, 28°50.66’S, 153°36.45’E (AM C.343608 p); MinniE, WAter, E of Grafton 29°46.6’S, 153°18’E (AM C.343604 p); N of Coffs Harbour, 30°14’S, 153°9’E (AM C.311683 7p); Nambucca Heads, 30°38.5’S, 153°1’E AM (AM C.311681 7p); Fingal Bay nr Port Stephens, 32°44.990’S, 152°10.481’,E, NSW09-1 (AM C.585335 p); Catherine Hill Bay, 33°9.3’S, 151°38’E (AM C.343605 3p); S end Catherine Hill Bay, 33°9.5’S, 151°38’E (AM C.311679 6p); Broken Head Terrigal, 33°26.796’S, 151°27.030’E, NSW08-1 (AM C.585665 6p, C.585051 p [M044]); Terrigal The Skillion, 33°27.008’S, 151°27.122’E, NSW08-2 (AM C.585405 10+p, C.585055 p [M223], C.585056 p [M224]). Sydney, Long Reef Collaroy, 33°44.6’S, 151°18.6’E (AM C.343674 5p); S side Long Reef Collaroy, 33°44.7’S, 151°19’E (AM C.343678 3p; AM C.446108 6p); Fairlight, North Harbour, 33°47.986’S, 151°16.837’E, NSW06-1 (AM C.585470 16p); Shelly Beach Headland Manly, 33°48’S, 151°17.5’E (AM C.311680 5p); North Harbour, SE side Reef Bay, 33°48.5’S, 151°16.38’E (AM C.311687 7p). Middle Harbour, Wy-ar-gine Point, 33°49’S, 151°15’E (AM C.311678 10+p); Wy-ar-gine Point, 33°49.159’S, 151°15.195’E, NSW06-5 (AM C.585664 6p, 3d); Edwards Beach Balmoral, 33°49.38’S, 151°15’E (AM C.311890 10+p); Balmoral, 33°49.7’S, 151°15.02’E (AM C.343610 2p), Laings Point Sydney Harbour, 33°50.419’S, 151°16.638’E, NSW06-3 (AM C.585475 17p, C.585035 p [M162, SK035], C.585036 p [M163], C.585037 d [M164]); Tamarama Point, 33°54’S, 151°16’E (AM C.311684 7p; AM C.343615 2p). Bombo Kiama, 34°39.232’S, 150°51.649’E, NSW03-1 (AM C.585455 13p, C.584884 p [SK384], C.585280 p [SK048]); Ulladulla, Wardens Head, 35°21’S, 150°29’E (AM C.311677 7p); Batemans Bay, Batehaven, 35°44’S, 150°12.5’E (AM C.311685 5p); Wimbie Beach, 35°47’S, 150°14’E (AM C.343613 2p); Eurobodalla Shire, Pretty Point SE facing, 35°48.28’S, 150°14’E (AM C.343611 p); Burrewarra Point, 35°50’S, 150°13.5’E (AM C.343606 3p); Mullimburra Point SE facing, 35°59.75’S, 150°9.58’E (AM C.343607 5p); Murunna Point Camel Head, 36°22.720’S, 150°04.766’E, NSW02- 1 (AM C.585718 9p, C.585030 p [SK025], C.585332, d [SK026]); Bermagui, 36°25.18’S, 150°3.78’E (AM C.343612 2p); Wapengo Lagoon estuary S side near Bithry Inlet, 36°37.7’S, 150°59’E (AM C.395918 8p); Aslings Beach, N end Twofold Bay, 37°3.1’S, 149°55’E (AM C.148856 p); Oman Point Eden, 37°04.634’S, 149°53.445’E, NSW01-1 (AM C.585629 5p). Twofold Bay, Murrumbulga Pt, 37°4.75’S, 149°53.06’E (AM C.343622 2p, C.343623 p, C.343624 p, AM C.311688 4p); Red Point, 37°6.083’S, 149°57.1’E (AM C.343625 p); Munganno Point, 37°6.2’S, 149°55.48’E (AM C.343616 p, C.311689 4p, C.343617 3p, C.343618 2p, C.343619 3p, C.343621 3p, C.150599 p); Fisheries Beach, 37°6.78’S, 149°55.6’E (AM C.343620 p). Green Cape, 37°15.8’S, 150°3’E (AM C.343614 p, C.311676 5p); Wonboyn Beach, Disaster Bay, 37°16’S, 149°57’E (AM C.343733 2p); Nadgee Fauna Reserve, N of Little River, 37°24’S, 149°57’E (AM C.343735 3p). Vic: Bastion Head Mallacoota, 37°34.429’S, 149°45.927’E, V09-1 (AM C.585459 13p); Cape Conran, 37°48.798’S, 148°43.608’E, V08-2 (AM C.585610 4p); Wilsons Promontory, 39°S, 146°22’E (AM C.311674, 3 p); Bear Gully, 38°53.519’S, 145°59.029’E, V07-3 (AM C.585652 5p); Flat Rock, Inverloch, 38°38.877’S, 145°41.638’E, V07-6 (AM C.585573 3p); Blow Hole, Western Port Bay nr. Flinders, 38°29’S, 145°1’E (AM C.311673 2p); Cape Schanck, 38°29.951’S, 144°53.369’E, V06- 4 (AM C.585515 p [SK548]); Port Phillip, Portsea, 38°19’S, 144°43’E (AM C.311675 2p); Point Lonsdale (nr Queenscliff), 38°17.276’S, 144°36.977’E, V05-1 (AM C.585514 2p); Roadknight Point, 38°25.707’S, 144°11.102’E, V04-1 (AM C.585457 13p); Loutit Bay Lorne, 38°31.190’S, 143°59.429’E, V03-2 (AM C.585465 15p). Tas: Flinders Island, Northeast River, 39°43.8’S, 147°57.6’E (TMAGE542122 d); PalanaBeach, 39°45.6’S, 147°52.8’E (TMAG E54211 d); Port Davies & Cave Beach, 40°0.6’S, 147°52.8’E (TMAG E27150 d; TMAG E27142 4d). Boat Harbour, 40°57’S, 145°38’E (AM C.311672 3p); West Point, 40°57’S, 144°36’E AM (AM C.311668 3p); Little Peggs Beach, 40°51’S, 145°21.6’E (TMAG E41987 d); Rocky Cape: Picnic Beach & rocks to S, 40°52.2’S, 145°28.8’E (TMAG E41989 d); S of Granite Point Bridport, 40°59.739’S, 147°23.468’E, T01- 1 (AM C.585251 p [M174]); Bridport: beach, 41°24.6’S, 147°23.4’E (TMAG E41986 d); Bellingham, 41°0.6’S, 147°9.6’E (TMAG E54215 4d); Greens Beach, 41°4.8’S, 146°45’E (TMAG E54216 d). The Gardens, Seatons Cove, 41°12.6’S, 148°16.8’E (TMAG E41988 3d); Swimcart Beach, 41°13.8’S, 148°17.4’E (TMAG E27411 4d, TMAG E54214 5d, TMAG E41975 3d). Beaumaris, Shelly Point, 41°26.4’S, 148°16.8’E (TMAG E41981 d); Steels Beach, 41°28.2’S, 148°16.2’E (TMAG E54217 d); Bicheno, 41°52.837’S, 148°18.525’E, T02-1 (AM C.585693 7p); Bicheno, S end Redbill Beach, 41°53’S, 148°18’E (AM C.311669 2p); Maria Island, Darlington Bay, 42°34.8’S, 148°3.6’E (TMAG E41984 3d); Dodges Ferry, 42°51.083’S, 147°36.981’E, T03-1 (AM C.585462 14p); Park Beach Dodges Ferry, 42°51.716’S, 147°36.665’E, T03-4 (AM C.584883 p [SK138], C.585660 p [M111], C.585262 p [SK139]); Lagoon Bch (near Saltwater River), 42°56.903’S, 147°39.962’E, T03-2 (AM C.585648 5p, C.595922 p [SK551]); Blackmans Bay, 43°0.6’S, 147°19.8’E (TMAG E15879 10+d); Tasman Arch, 43°02.033’S, 147°56.963’E, T03- 3 (AM C.585772 12p, C.585258 p [M116]); Huon Point d’Entrecasteaux Channel, 43°17.471’S, 147°05.778’E, T04-1 (AM C.585678 6p, C.585267 p [M106], C.585268 p [M135]); South Bruny Island: Coal Point, 43°19.8’S, 147°19.8’E (TMAG E35240 p); Moss Glen, 43°31.910’S, 146°53.641’E, T05-1 (AM C.585569 3p); Flensing Rock, 43°34.291’S, 146°54.856’E, T05-2 (AM C.585605 4p). King Island, Little Porky Beach, 39°51’S, 143°51.6’E (TMAG E41980 2d), Naracoopa, foreshore, 39°55.2’S, 144°7.2’E (TMAG E41978 d), Currie Harbour, 39°55.8’S, 143°50.4’E (TMAG E41985 10d), Red Hut Point, 40°6’S, 144°6’E (TMAG E41983 d). Taxonomic remarks. The lectotype of S. funiculata has been referred to as the holotype by Jenkins (1981: 2), an act that qualifies as the designation of the lectotype. The lectotype (Fig. 33A) closely matches the figure in the original description (Reeve, 1856: pl. 2, fig. 6a–b). Reeve (1856: pl. 7, fig. 35a–b) erroneously labelled species 35 (= S. lirata) as ‘ S. funiculata ’ (see erratum in the appendix). Our delineation of this species is based on comparative analyses of the morpho-anatomy and mitochondrial genetics of freshly collected topotypes of S. funiculata (Fig. 33B), S