Prevalence and associated Risk factors of severe acute malnutrition in under five children in Banadir hospital Mogadishu Somalia

Abstract Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains a critical public health issue, particularly in low-income countries, where it contributes significantly to child mortality and developmental challenges. This study examines the prevalence and associated risk factors of severe acute malnutrition among children under five years old in Banadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. The research aims to identify key determinants influencing malnutrition, including socioeconomic conditions, maternal health practices, environmental factors, and healthcare accessibility. Using a cross-sectional study design, data was collected through structured interviews, anthropometric measurements, and medical records of malnourished children. The findings indicate that poverty, inadequate maternal education, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, poor dietary diversity, and recurrent infections are the leading contributors to severe acute malnutrition. Additionally, environmental factors such as unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation, and poor child-feeding practices further exacerbate malnutrition rates. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions, including maternal nutrition education, improved healthcare access, and community-based nutrition programs. Recommendations include strengthening child health policies, increasing awareness of proper infant and young child feeding practices, and enhancing government and NGO efforts to combat malnutrition. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and organizations working to reduce child malnutrition and improve overall health outcomes in Somalia.