Theoretical Modeling of the Influence of Stellar Rotational Frequency on Surface Temperature and Luminosity in Main-Sequence Stars

Stellar rotation plays a crucial role in shaping the internal dynamics and evolution of stars by driving mixing processes that affect the distribution of chemical elements and angular momentum. These effects can significantly influence a star's luminosity and effective temperature. However, the relationship between a star’s rotational speed and its observable properties is not fully understood. This study develops a one-dimensional model of stellar evolution that incorporates rotational mixing to examine how rotational speed impacts the surface temperature and brightness of main-sequence stars. Using modern techniques for angular momentum transport and mixing efficiency, the model shows how rotation can increase hydrogen supply in the core, boost fusion rates, and consequently raise the star’s luminosity and temperature. These results are consistent with observed trends in rapidly rotating stars and help refine our understanding of stellar evolution under rotation.