THE STATE OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT TISSUE IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE CITY OF TASHKENT

Subcutaneous fat tissue (SFT) plays a crucial role in the physical development of preschool children by participating in thermoregulation, maintaining energy balance, and protecting internal organs. Deviations in its thickness may indicate metabolic disorders, malnutrition, or the risk of obesity. This study involved anthropometric measurements of subcutaneous fat thickness in 986 children aged 2–7 years living in Tashkent. Measurements were taken in three anatomical areas: over the biceps brachii, in the region of the lower scapular angle, and over the iliac crest. The obtained data were analyzed using percentile charts, which help determine whether the values correspond to physiological norms. The results showed that most children had normal levels of SFT; however, cases of both hypotrophy and excessive fat accumulation were identified. The analysis revealed that boys were more likely to exhibit uneven fat distribution, whereas girls had more uniform fat distribution. Additionally, factors such as nutrition, physical activity, and heredity influenced SFT thickness. The identified patterns confirm the need for regular anthropometric monitoring to detect deviations in subcutaneous fat tissue at an early stage. This would allow for timely lifestyle adjustments, preventing obesity and other metabolic disorders, which is an essential aspect of preventive pediatrics.