Rhinella mirandaribeiroi

R. mirandaribeiroi vs. R. granulosa Morphometrics and Morphology Both species share the following morphological features: 1) granular or continuous cranial crests; 2) low supraorbital crest; 3) infraorbital extending usually beyond the postorbital crest; 4) typically reduced and discontinuous maxillary crest; 5) absent parietal crest; 6) visible loreal region in dorsal view; and 7) light cream or yellowish ventral coloration with or without pigmentation. However, a clear dorsal vertebral line is present in 95% of the individuals from the Cerrado (R. mirandaribeiroi) and only in 5% from the Caatinga and Mata Atlântica (R. granulosa) (Figure 1, 2). Overall, the morphometric variables were similar between the two species (Table 3). ......continued on the next page Molecular Analyses Both species showed expressive genetic divergences (3.8–6.1%) in the mitochondrial fragment. The intraspecific genetic distance was on average 0.09 for R. mirandaribeiroi and 0.06 for R. granulosa. Acoustics We found conserved call parameter features between the two species. The advertisement call of R. granulosa consists of a sequence of approximately 170 notes and lasts about 5 seconds, emitted at a rate of 5 calls per minute with 32 notes per second. The notes had a duration of approximately 22 ms and with 4 to 5 pulses per note. The dominant frequency is around 2700 Hz. The calls reach maximum amplitude quickly and remain constant until the end (Figure 6). Further details can be found in Table 4. Our results are consistent with the published analysis of these data (Giarretta et al. 2018).