THE IMPACT OF SLEEP PATTERNS ON THE PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Sleep is a fundamental physiological process with a profound impact on cardiovascular health. Disruptions in circadian rhythms, often caused by poor sleep hygiene, night-shift work, or sleep disorders, are increasingly recognized as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. This paper reviews current scientific evidence linking sleep duration and quality to cardiovascular outcomes, emphasizing the physiological mechanisms involving blood pressure regulation, sympathetic nervous system activity, and hormonal balance—particularly melatonin. The review also discusses preventive strategies and the role of sleep normalization in reducing cardiovascular risk.