Gyrophaenina Kraatz 1856

Key to Neotropical genera of Gyrophaenina This key was modified from Ashe (1984) and Kim & Ahn (2015), and does not include Brachycantharus Bierig, 1939 and Neobrachychara Bierig, 1939 (see remarks below). 1. Ligula broadly rounded (Fig. 10, present study, and Figs. 105–109 in Ashe 1984)................................... 2 - Ligula more or less protruded and parallel-sided, entire (Figs. 98–102 in Ashe 1984) or bifid (Figs 110, 116– 117 in Ashe 1984)............................................................................................... 4 2. Body sublimuloid in dorsal view; head and pronotum subglabrous, elytra and abdomen somewhat pubescent (Figs 1, 6); head strongly deflected (Figs 2, 7); labium without medial seta (Fig. 10)................................... Microbrachida - Body elongate-oval to more or less parallel-sided in dorsal view; body pubescent; head slightly or not deflected; labium with one or two medial setae (Figs 105–109 in Ashe 1984)........................................................ 3 3. Labium with two medial setae (Figs 105–107 in Ashe 1984); vertex of head without pair of macrosetae....... Probrachida - Labium with single medial seta (Figs 108–109 in Ashe 1984); vertex of head with pair of macrosetae (Fig. 15 in Ashe 1984).............................................................................................. Brachida 4. Ligula bifid in at least apical 1/3 (Figs 110, 116– 117 in Ashe 1984 and Fig. 2 in Pace 1986).......................... 5 - Ligula entire, more or less protruded and parallel sided (Figs 98–102 in Ashe 1984)................................. 8 5. Mesosternal and metasternal process not fused, with a short isthmus (Figs 152 in Ashe 1984)............... Agaricochara - Mesosternal and metasternal process fused, without isthmus (Figs 155 and 250 in Ashe 1984)......................... 6 6. Labium with single medial seta short, with the same length of each lobe of ligula (Fig. 2 in Pace 1986); elytral apico-lateral angles not sinuate (Fig. 1 in Pace 1986)......................................................... Dactyloglossa - Labium with single medial seta long, at least two times the length of each lobe of ligula (Figs 116–117 in Ashe 1984, Fig. 5 in Kim & Ahn 2014a); elytral apico-lateral angles moderately to markedly sinuate.................................... 7 7. Setal patch on tergum 10 chevron-shaped, numerous, but not in distinct three rows (Fig. 175 in Ashe 1984); aedeagus with apical lobe laterally displaced from flagellar insertion (Figs 214–215 in Ashe 1984)..................... Agaricomorpha - Setal patch on tergum 10 in three distinct chevron-shaped rows (Fig. 174 in Ashe 1984); aedeagus with apical lobe elongate, spine-like (Fig. 213 in Ashe 1984)................................................................ Brachycara 8. Pronotum markedly transverse, about 2.0 times as wide as long (Fig. 8 in Kim & Ahn 2015); tergite X with medial setose area in distinct V-shaped row (Fig. 9 in Kim & Ahn 2015)......................................................... 9 – Pronotum of most specimens 1.2 to 1.7 times as wide as long (Fig. 7H in Kim & Ahn 2014b); tergite X with medial setose area more or less subquadrate.............................................................................. 10 9. Head large, distinctly longer than pronotum (Fig. 1 in Kim & Ahn 2015); right mandible with large median tooth; labial palpus with three indistinct palpomeres...................................................................... Ashea – Head moderate in size, shorter than or as long as pronotum; right mandible with small median tooth; labial palpus with two palpomeres................................................................................... Eumicrota 10. Eyes extremely large, occupying most of lateral margins of head (Fig. 8A in Kim & Ahn 2014b).............. Phanerota – Eyes moderate in size (Fig. 8B in Kim & Ahn 2014b)............................................... Gyrophaena