Euura rufa

224 Euura rufa (Konow, 1896) Figs 242, 461–462 Nematus exoletus Eversmann, 1847: 19. Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov. Nomen oblitum. Amauronematus rufus Konow, 1896: 161. Lectotype designated by Muche (1975). Nomen protectum. In accordance with Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), we retain the junior name rufa as valid, because it has been used more than 25 times by at least ten authors as the valid name for this taxon during the last 50 years, whereas exoletus has not been used as valid since 1899. Examples of use of rufus or rufa as the valid name for this taxon during the last fifty years: Lindqvist 1974b; Muche 1975; Zhelohovcev 1976b; Verzhutskii 1981; Kangas 1985; Viitasaari & Vikberg 1985; Vikberg 1988; Zhelochovtsev 1988; Liston 1995, 1997; Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev 1995; Schmidt 1997; Lacourt 1999, 2020; Haris 2002; Nuorteva & Nuorteva 2003; Taeger et al. 2006, 2010; Lelej & Taeger 2007; Sundukov & Lelej 2012; Macek & Kula 2014; Sundukov 2017b; Macek et al. 2020; Verheyde et al. 2021; Liston et al. 2023: fig. 1. Diagnosis Females are usually almost completely pale reddish-yellow. Some specimens of E. amicula and E. striata can be almost as pale, but differ in having the median mesoscutal lobe and mesoscutellar appendage at least partly black (pale in E. rufa). An additional difference from E. striata is that the lamnium is 1.9–2.3 times as long as radix (usually 1.6–1.7 in E. striata). Males are extensively pale ventrally and most similar to E. nuorbinjargi, but the abdomen of E. rufa is usually distinctly darker (usually nearly completely black) dorsally. Female 7.5–9.5 mm (this study; Schmidt 1997). Head, except flagellum, completely pale; pterostigma pale; hind femur completely pale or somewhat brown dorsally and ventrally; hind tibia pale with dorsal brown or black margin; thorax completely pale or with some black markings; abdomen nearly completely pale or terga with dorsal black flecks decreasing in size from base to apex; valvula 3 pale with brown or black external margin; cerci basally pale; valvula 3 asymmetrical in lateral view, ventrally distinctly more curved than dorsally. Lamnium 1.9–2.3 times as long as radix (DEI-GISHym80679, ZMUO.037286). Male 6.5–7.5 mm. Type material examined Lectotype Amauronematus rufus RUSSIA – Irkutskaja oblast • ♀; Irkutsk; 52.29° N, 104.24° E; B.E. Jakowleff leg.; SDEI, DEIGISHym12529. Lectotype Nematus exoletus, here designated RUSSIA • ♀; in promontoriis Uralensibus [in the foothills of the Ural]; ZMHB, GBIF-GISHym2770. Host plants Salix pentandra. Genetics COI Based on 6 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 1.37% and the nearest neighbours, diverging by a minimum of 0%, are Euura hartigi, E. histrio, E. schlueteri, E. amicula, E. betulae, E. nuorbinjargi, E. septentrionalis, E. striata, E. tenuis, and E. stordalensis. Nuclear Based on 6 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 1.22% (0.6% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.17%, is Euura striata. Distribution and material examined Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, and Russia.