ENDEMIC GOITER: INVESTIGATING THE CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INTERACTIONS OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION

Endemic goiter is a thyroid disorder predominantly observed in regions with chronic iodine deficiency. This paper explores the clinical manifestations, biochemical characteristics, and pathophysiology of endemic goiter. Iodine, essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, is scarce in certain regions, leading to an increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction. This study investigates the interaction between iodine deficiency, thyroid enlargement, and metabolic disturbances. Additionally, it reviews diagnostic methods, genetic predispositions, and barriers to public health strategies. The findings emphasize the necessity of iodine supplementation and call for improved public health interventions and future research to address gaps in the understanding of endemic goiter.