Euura toeniata PR.

252 Euura toeniata (Serville, 1823) Figs 271, 479, 480 Nematus toeniatus Serville, 1823: 67–68. Syntypes ♀♀, probably lost (Lacourt 2000). Type locality: France, Paris area. Tenthredo humeralis Zetterstedt, 1838: 351. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Lindqvist (1941b). Secondary homonym of Nematus humeralis Serville, 1823 [Euura humeralis (Serville, 1823)]. Amauronematus aemulus Konow, 1895: 183. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Konow (1905b). Amauronematus alpicola Konow, 1895: 183–184. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Lindqvist (1959c) is here re-instated. Amauronematus zetterstedti Malaise, 1921a: 127. Replacement name for Tenthredo humeralis Zetterstedt, 1838. Diagnosis Most similar to E. obscuripes, which usually has a paler pterostigma (usually black in E. toeniata). Nearly complete black specimens may not be reliably distinguishable similarly coloured E. obscuripes. Paler specimens of E. toeniata have more whitish or greyish markings rather than brown or reddish as in E. obscuripes. Euura toeniata is genetically similarly diverse as E. obscuripes but morphologically less variable (e.g., never with reddish markings on mesepisternum). Type material examined Lectotype Tenthredo humeralis, here designated SWEDEN • ♀; locality on label illegible; MZLU, MZLU2017263. Notes Type locality in the original description: Sweden; Pello, Kengis, Janosuando, Jukkasjärvi. Paralectotype Tenthredo humeralis UNKNOW COUNTRY • ♀; MZLU, MZLU2017262. Lectotype Amauronematus aemulus, here designated GERMANY – Bayern • ♂; Herrieden; 49.23° N, 10.49° E; 23 Apr. 1890; Schultheiss leg.; SDEI, GBIFGISHym4101. Notes Penis valve most similar to ZMUO.033962. Lectotype Amauronematus alpicola, here designated SWITZERLAND – Uri • ♀; Andermatt; 46.64° N, 8.61° E; SDEI, GBIF-GISHym4087. Host plants A wide variety of Salix spp. (Lacourt 1999; Macek et al. 2020), including S. caprea, S. myrsinifolia, S. myrtilloides L. and S. repens rosmarinifolia. Genetics COI Based on 24 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 2.58% and the nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0%, is Euura obscuripes. When including also secondary intraindividual COI variants, maximum within-species distance is 8.21%. Two divergent secondary variants (0.76% different from each other but 7.45–7.60% different to the primary variant) were detected in ZMUO.064027 from Utsjoki, Finland, which are closest to E. obscuripes (DEI-GISHym31073) from California, USA (with distance of 2.74–2.89%). Nuclear Based on 19 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.99% (0.68% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.07%, is Euura obscuripes. When excluding the E. obscuripes specimen DEI-GISHym19806 with only 1529 bp of NaK and POL2 available, E. obscuripes is minimum of 0.15% different. Distribution and material examined Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from Austria, Bulgaria, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and Switzerland.