Artificial Intelligence in Software Development: A Review of Code Generation, Testing, Maintenance and Security

Abstract : Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming software development by automating key processes such as code generation, testing, maintenance, and security. AI-powered tools like OpenAI Codex, GitHub Copilot, and DeepMind AlphaCode are revolutionizing programming by enhancing efficiency, reducing errors, and accelerating development cycles. Similarly, AI-driven testing frameworks improve bug detection, security analysis, and software performance optimization. This review explores recent advancements in AI-driven software development, analyzing its benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations. Additionally, it examines AI’s role in cybersecurity, low-code/no-code development, and workforce transformation. The paper concludes by discussing future research directions and the balance between automation and human oversight in AI-assisted software engineering.