Material and Immaterial Compensation in Civil Remedies over Contractual Breach and Tort: Indonesian Perspective

Civil remedies are monetary values given to a person as compensation for loss incurred by the person. Remedies are compensation provided in terms of sums of money. However, in practice, there is immaterial compensation. Although no clear definition of immaterial loss can be found or exists, several Supreme Court decisions provide reasoning on how immaterial compensation must be treated. This research aims to discuss and elaborate on civil remedies, which consist of material and immaterial losses or compensation regulated based on the prevailing laws on obligations under the Indonesian Civil Code.