ANALYSIS OF THE BEST PRACTICES OF BIOMASS SUPPLY FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Abstract The purpose of the article is to consider, analyse and compare approaches to logistics of different biomass types. The focus is on primary agricultural residues, felling residues and biomass from the pruning of agricultural plantations. For biomass delivered to a conversion facility, the logistics expenditures may come to 30-50% of its total cost. That means that planning biomass fuel supply may affect economic performance or even feasibility of a biomass project. There are four main elements of economic relations in biomass for energy supply chain: harvesting, storage, pre-treatment, and transportation. A biomass plant operator can carry out all these elements himself, be responsible for one or several elements or hire specialized companies to complete all the stages of biomass supply. These options have advantages and disadvantages related to responsibility, operability, efficiency, and other issues. Biomass exchanges and trade-logistic centres are considered reliable and effective means to provide biomass facilities with biomass fuel. Biomass exchanges operate on national and international levels while trade-logistic centres are mostly engaged in local or regional deliveries.