Illuminating innovations: A comprehensive review of lasers in periodontics

Peridonal disease is one of the most common oral diseases, and a huge part of the population suffers from this bad boy genome wide. They are inflammatory disease processes, which is harmful and leads to destruction of the periodontal & bone structure surrounding dentition thereby leading to loss teeth. The conventional method used for treatment of periodontal disease has been removal of microbial biofilms by mechanical debridement and surgery, which have provided successful results but often associated with pain, bleeding and long post- surgical healing times. With huge popularity over the last few years, laser therapy is an alternative to treat these problems in such a way that it might have substantial success and also not requiring surgical procedures. Laser, the most powerful light known, produces a much tighter beam that can be focused on and destroy only the diseased tissue without heating the adjacent healthy tissues. Several lasers for clinical use in periodontics currently are available, including the diode, erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG), and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers; however improvements still are being made to bring this technology to its optimal performance. The photothermal and photochemical effects that these lasers employ are among the most commonly used methods, and which alleviate pain also have anti-inflammatory properties. There are several benefits of laser assisted periodontal therapy such as less postoperative pain and bleeding, faster recovery times over the traditional methods. Laser Technology: Lasers to aid disinfection of periodontal pockets for better success. Regrettably, the difficulties they face are that of training and capital expenses required for specialized equipment and the lack of standardized clinical protocols. The further implementation of laser technology into periodontal practice in the future holds great potential to improve therapy for patients with periodontitis, and represents an intriguing area of ongoing research effort in oral health.