Extraction of natural dyes from vegetable waste and its application: An eco-friendly approach

Abstract Natural dyes help in the reduction of pollution level in textile dyeing, in realization of eco-friendly agriculture productions, and pollution. The main objective of extracting dye from natural sources is to avoid environmental pollution and search for an alternative source to synthetic dye. In this study, dyes are derived from vegetable waste including peels of onion, beetroot and banana using aqueous extraction procedures. The extracts were qualitatively analyzed for the major phytochemical components such as phenol, tannin, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, quinine, cellulose. The extracted dyes were applied on cotton fabric by direct dyeing method. The dyes obtained from the vegetable may also be alternative sources to synthetic dyes for the dyeing of natural cotton fibric. It examines the potential applications of plant-based dyes in the textile, food and cosmetics sectors, emphasizing their eco-friendly and biodegradable approach for the environment. To reduce reliance on synthetic dyes and slow down environmental damage, the study concludes by discussing the significance of supporting sustainable practices in dye extraction and consumption