Advances in the Initial and Convalescent Management of Acute Pancreatitis: A Comprehensive Review

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and potentially life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder. Effective initial management within the first 72 hours plays a critical role in shaping clinical outcomes, while tailored convalescent strategies are essential to reduce recurrence. Recent research has transformed the approach to fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, antibiotic stewardship, and intervention in necrotizing pancreatitis. This review synthesizes current evidence and updated recommendations on managing AP, including individualized fluid therapy, early enteral feeding, selective use of ERCP, and minimally invasive approaches for local complications. Convalescent measures such as cholecystectomy, alcohol cessation, and lipid-lowering therapies also play a pivotal role in long-term management.