Bacterial Vaginosis in women of child-bearing age in Latin America: A Literature Review

Bacterial vaginosis is a pathology related to vaginal tract infections, which produces an inflammation of the cervix caused by the excessive growth of bacteria such as Gardnerella Vaginalis, with a prevalence of 30% in females overall. Objective: To analyze Bacterial Vaginosis in women of childbearing age in Latin America. Methodology: A bibliographical review of descriptive type was carried out through selected articles from scientific databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, ProQuest, Redalyc, Springer, and SciELO, among others, supported by keywords from health descriptors such as DeCS; to select the articles, we applied as inclusion criteria those that were published between 2017-2022 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese and excluded: theses, monographs, editorials, and articles published outside the established time frame. Results: Of the papers analyzed for this article, 32% showed a high prevalence in Latin America, and the risk factors included contraceptive methods. Complications were Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), infertility, premature delivery, and neonatal damage; in the therapeutic approach, fluconazole + secnidazole and metronidazole were considered the drugs of choice. As for nursing interventions, they are directed toward the promotion and prevention of bacterial vaginosis. Conclusions: Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs mainly in women of childbearing age and, if not treated early, could lead to complications