Effect of Climate on Fertility in Small Ruminants

One of the most important factors affecting life styles on earth is climate. The climate, which is formed by the effects of factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity and wind in a particular region, affects the existence of living things, the geographical distribution an abundance of plant and animal species, the chemical structure of oceans, seas and lakes and the formation of soil (Jackson, 2018). The change that occurs in the climate system as a result of natural factors or human activities is defined as “climate change” (IPCC, 2007). Climate changes; drought, desertification, imbalances and deviations in the speed and intensity of precipitation, floods, typhoons, storms, tornadoes, hurricanes etc. manifests itself with increases in metrological events. Climate change has emerged in the form of global warming, which is defined as the increase in the average temperature on the Erath’s surface in recent years. The effects of global warming can be seen as a result of the greenhouse effect of the gases released into the atmosphere (Bozoglu et al., 2003; Koknaroglu and Akunal, 2010). Greenhouse gases having an important place in climatic changes adsorb on long-wave infrared rays reflected back to the atmosphere and cause the atmosphere to warm. Greenhouse gases arise not only naturally but also as a result of various activities of people (Koknaroglu and Akunal, 2010). Today, the world is facing with climate change due to global warming caused by technological and chemical applications used to increase plant and animal production in meeting the needs of the increasing population as well as industrialization and urbanization (Koknaroglu and Akunal, 2010). Although the events occurred due to these problems threatening the world are not fully understood yet, it seems inevitable that global warming will cause economic, ecological and sociological problems (Demir and Cevger, 2007). Climate change threatens the welfare of present and future generations by changing the ecosystem of the planet. Climate changes caused or to be caused by global warming may be vary in different ways by different parts of the world (Tufekci and Tozlu, 2021).