Site Suitability Analysis of Water Storage Structures on Kollidam River by using remote sensing and GIS

Concern over how human activity harms the environment and depletes natural resources has grown. This has driven many countries to enact laws ensuring environmental considerations in land use planning. A significant environmental issue is the construction of water storage structures. This has led to a global emphasis on environmental research to find practical solutions for reducing the impacts of such construction. One approach involves using a multi-criteria evaluation technique based on geographic information systems (GIS) to identify optimal water storage locations. This research highlights the use of GIS in mitigating environmental impacts through effective site selection. A case study from Tamil Nadu's Trichy district in Southern India demonstrates this application. The study generated base maps, including the study area boundary, DEM, soil map, and land use data from various sources. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the importance of each layer. These layers were then overlaid in a GIS to identify suitable sites for water storage. This method enables the selection of potential sites for water storage facilities, demonstrating the successful application of GIS in environmental impact mitigation.