FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Abstract. As teaching of vocabulary is an important task in second language acquisition and translation so the article is intended to cover major issues pertaining to abbreviations: “hidden” semantics, correlation with words, interaction with a context, historical aspects. National and international markers are discussed as actual extra linguistic factors. The article is based on the methodological assumption that foreign language acquisition is treated as a means of forming professional competence of specialists. The donating role of English in abbreviation process is stated. Abbreviations are not artificially created linguistic units for language economy but they eliminate contradiction between modern consciousness and limited lexical resources of any language. Abbreviation semantics represents a complex phenomenon; to study it, we need data taken from other sciences, the formation of abbreviation semantics takes place in parallel with the abbreviation process. The authors’ analysis of phonetic, grammatical and morphological peculiarities of abbreviations is reported.