Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Contraceptive Utilization among Women of Reproductive Age: Pre-Intervention Control Survey, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Contraceptive utilization is a vital public health intervention that improves maternal and child health outcomes and prevents unintended pregnancies. In Nigeria, where fertility and maternal mortality rates remain high, family planning services are essential but underutilized, particularly in regions like Ekiti State. Barriers such as socio-cultural norms, misinformation, and limited partner support contribute to low uptake of contraceptives. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of contraceptive utilization among women of reproductive age in Ekiti State before the implementation of intervention programs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 99 women aged 15–49 years in the control group baseline. Participants were selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, assessing socio-demographics, contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions. Descriptive statistics summarized findings, with data analyzed using SPSS. Nearly all respondents (99%) had heard about contraception, with 97% understanding its role in preventing unwanted pregnancies. Awareness of contraceptive types varied: male condoms (77.8%), pills (65.7%), and IUCDs (41.4%) were most recognized. Attitudes showed significant concerns; 62.6% disapproved contraceptive use due to potential side effects, and 75.8% believed women should not use contraception without their husband’s approval. Perceptions indicated stigma around contraceptive use (73.7% strongly agreed) but acknowledged its effectiveness in preventing unintended pregnancies (77.8% strongly agreed). Many expressed confidence in making informed decisions (66.7%) and recognized the need to improve access to contraceptive information (70.7%). mportantly, multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between contraceptive knowledge, attitude, perception, and socio-demographic characteristics (Adjusted R² = 0.450, F(5, 93) = 17.210, p < 0.001), with education level, age, and income positively influencing contraceptive KAP scores.