THE ROLE OF CYBERSECURITY IN PROTECTING EDUCATIONAL DATA: LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

As educational institutions increasingly rely on digital technology, the protection of sensitive educational data has become a critical concern. This article examines the pivotal role of cybersecurity in safeguarding personal and academic information within educational settings, highlighting the legal and ethical frameworks that govern data protection. Key regulations such as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) impose stringent requirements on how institutions manage and secure educational data. Additionally, ethical responsibilities, including transparency, data minimization, and equity, are explored to emphasize the importance of trust and accountability in educational environments. The article outlines effective cybersecurity strategies, including risk assessment formulas, role-based access control algorithms, data encryption methods, incident response planning, and training effectiveness metrics. By implementing these strategies, educational institutions can enhance their cybersecurity posture, ensuring the protection of sensitive information while fostering a secure and innovative learning environment.