Nano-emulgel formulation of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) as herbal–based topical drug for oral mucositis: A review

Background: Oral mucositis is a condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa, commonly affecting cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, with MRSA infection as a significant contributing factor. This condition impairs mucosal barrier function, increasing susceptibility to secondary infections, especially from MRSA, which thrives in the moist environment of the oral cavity. Secondary infections by MRSA exacerbate symptoms, delay healing, and complicate the clinical presentation of mucositis through the production of virulence factors like enterotoxins and exfoliative toxins. Purpose: Explaining the potential of lemongrass extract and its combination with nanoemulgel formulation as herbal intervention against oral mucositis. Method: A literature review of studies published within the past five years from sources like ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Result: Lemongrass extract comprises prominent amount of citral, emphasizing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. Combination with nanoemulgel phase will provide stability and enhanced therapeutic capabilities of lemongrass extract into the targeted oral site. Conclusion: The formulation of lemongrass extract nanoemulgel equipped can be a futuristic solution as an over-the-counter drug for minimally invasive therapy of oral mucositis.