Antiviral Drug Development in The Post-COVID Era: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives in Pharmacy

The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped the landscape of antiviral drug development and significantly influenced the pharmaceutical industry's approach to managing infectious diseases. Innovations in antiviral research during the pandemic, such as the rapid development of mRNA vaccines and the increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) for drug discovery, have paved the way for new therapeutic strategies. The challenges of antiviral resistance, global access to medications, and regulatory hurdles are further complicated by the rapid mutation of viruses. This review outlines the key innovations and challenges in antiviral drug development post-COVID-19, with a focus on the role of pharmacists in ensuring effective drug use and public health. Additionally, it presents a forward-looking perspective on how the lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic will guide future antiviral research and preparedness for emerging viral diseases.