ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY SECONDARY TO PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA AND ITS MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT The symptoms of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) include pancytopenia, thrombosis, and acquired intravascular hemolytic anemia. Patients who experience multiple bouts of intravascular hemolysis may have variable degrees of bone marrow abnormalities and hemoglobinuria linked to thrombosis at atypical locales. FLAER analysis and blood granulocyte flow cytometry can be used to confirm the diagnosis. In the past, transfusion and thrombosis treatment were supported by the management. However, although extremely expensive, new advancements in therapy approaches such as complement inhibition with eculizumab and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have proven to be quite successful. Case Report: Here we present a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with a 5-day history of cola-colored urine which was preceded by upper respiratory tract infection, increased body swelling with generalized body aches. Initial lab done showed acute kidney injury and emergent hemodialysis was done. Further workup was done including renal biopsy with flow cytometry which showed the diagnosis of PNH. Conclusion: Treating physicians still have a tough time comprehending the complex presentation and diagnosis of PNH. Keywords: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI).