Serum Albumin Levels: A Potential Biomarker for Predicting Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Serum albumin levels have been proposed as a potential prognostic indicator for functional outcomes in stroke patients.  Objective: This study aims to evaluate the role of serum albumin levels as a prognostic indicator of acute ischemic stroke, using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at a 3-month follow-up.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months at Katuri Medical College, involving 100 patients diagnosed with AIS within the first 72 hours of symptom onset. Clinical and biochemical parameters, including serum albumin levels, were assessed. The severity of stroke was measured using the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) and outcomes were evaluated using the mRS.  Results: The study found that 35% of patients had moderate disability, 26% had mild disability, and 9% died. A significant association was observed between low serum albumin levels and increased stroke severity, with lower albumin levels correlating with poorer functional outcomes at 3 months. The mean serum albumin level was significantly lower in patients with severe disability compared to those with mild disability.  Conclusion: Serum albumin levels are significantly associated with the severity of acute ischemic stroke and can serve as a useful prognostic marker for predicting functional outcomes. Monitoring serum albumin levels in stroke patients may help in assessing their nutritional status and guiding treatment strategies. Further studies are warranted to explore the therapeutic implications of albumin supplementation in stroke management.