THE CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS OF STUDYING THE CONCEPT AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM

The article is devoted to the party system which is essential for a healthy democracy as it serves as a mediator between the government and the people, allowing citizens to engage in the political process. Researchers have varying definitions of party systems, with some focusing on relationships between parties, the state, and society. In this article, the classification of party systems has gained attention from political scientists globally, who analyze quantitative and qualitative characteristics using different approaches. Russian political scientist L.N. Alisova sees the party system as a set of interconnected parties with specific activities and views on political values. French researcher M. Duverger defines a party system as a stable ensemble of parties within a country that form alliances and oppositions over time. Both perspectives highlight the importance of stability in defining a party system’s development. Different classifications of party systems are proposed by well-known political scientists in political science. The author analyzes several approaches to the understanding of party system typology.