Toxic effects of cadmium on liver biomarkers in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus): protective effects of jamun (Syzygium cumini) seed and orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extracts

The present study investigated the alternation in liver function parameters such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), bilirubin (Bil), albumin (Alb), alkaline phosphatases (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of cadmium exposed Wistar rats. The study also evaluated the possible ameliorative effects of jamun (Syzygium cumini) seed and orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extracts on liver biomarkers in rat treated with cadmium. Six groups of Wistar rats were treated as Group A: Control; Group B: cadmium (10 mg/kg b wt.); Group C: cadmium (10 mg/kg b wt.) and jamun seed extract (200mg/kg b wt.); Group D: cadmium (10 mg/kg b wt.) and orange peel extract (200 mg/kg b wt.); Group E: orange peel extract (OPE) (200 mg/kg b wt.) and Group F: jamun seed extract (JSE) (200 mg/kg b wt.). Liver biomarkers were estimated on day 7 and day 14. Serum SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin, ALP, and LDH were increased on day 7 and 14 after cadmium treatment. Serum albumin levels decreased on day 7 and day 14. The SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin, ALP, LDH and albumin levels showed a tendency for restoration after treatment with JSE and OPE. There were no alterations in these liver parameters after treatment with OPE and JSE. The results clearly indicate that JSE and OPE were effective in recovering liver biomarkers which were altered by cadmium exposure to rats.