Study of corn production in Mexico and its trade regulations through NAFTA-USMCA

The main of this paper is to evaluate the productive and commercial dynamics of Mexican corn in the period 1980-2022. The methodological approach focuses on ordinary least squares and dynamic panel data models. The research contribution includes an analysis of commercial regulations and the productive performance of corn over a broad time horizon. It is established that as a result of the implementation of NAFTA and its move to the USMCA that as a result of the liberalization of the corn market, production and yield levels have increased. However, there is a very marked duality in grain production since the entities of the northwest and the shoal register much higher yields than those located in the south and center of the country, which reaffirms the heterogeneity that occurs not only in the cultivation of corn but in the Mexican countryside in general.