NODULAR GOITER IN WOMEN: CLINICAL INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH

Nodular goiter is a common thyroid disorder, particularly affecting women, and is associated with a range of etiologies including iodine deficiency, hormonal fluctuations, and genetic mutations. This paper reviews the mechanisms contributing to nodular goiter development, with a focus on hormonal influences, particularly estrogen's role, and evaluates the clinical and public health implications for women. An emphasis is placed on the diagnostic advancements and comparative outcomes of management strategies, highlighting the importance of early detection and addressing psychosocial concerns. This paper also explores regional variations in goiter prevalence due to iodine deficiency and provides insight into the future directions for research and treatment in this field.