Penerapan Konsep Desentralisasi Asimetris Dalam Pemerintahan Daerah Yang Wilayahnya Kepulauan

This scientific article discusses the application of the concept of asymmetric decentralization in regional government whose territory is an archipelago. Islands have unique geographical and social characteristics, which require a different approach in managing regional government. The concept of asymmetric decentralization is an approach that recognizes the differences and special needs of archipelagic regions in terms of autonomy and decision-making. In this scientific article, the author explores how the application of the concept of asymmetric decentralization in Indonesia in the context of the archipelago. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (hereinafter referred to as the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia) provides an affirmation of the territory of the state, namely an archipelagic state with the characteristics of the archipelago in Article 25A with the potential for diversity of biological resources in coastal and marine areas and the distribution of coastal areas located in almost 34 provinces. The legal policy of the authority of the island province is formulated through Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning the management of natural resources in the sea, including 5 (five) authorities that are multi-regulated, inseparable from the regulations in other sectoral laws so that they require synchronization and harmonization of regulations, but there are identified incomplete norms and conflicting norms in sectoral laws that affect the achievement of community welfare goals, especially in island provinces. The initiation of the regional government of the island province in Indonesia and the inclusion of the Island Region Bill and the Cipta Karya Bill in the 2020-2024 Prolegnas require an in-depth study to analyze the meaning and urgency of the legal products that will be made regarding the authority of the island province. The results of the study show that the application of the concept of asymmetric decentralization in Indonesia has provided significant benefits in increasing the autonomy of the island region. In this case, there is recognition of the special needs of the island region in decision making, natural resource management, and local economic development. However, there are challenges in implementing the concept of asymmetric decentralization, such as the lack of quality human resources, limited infrastructure, and administrative constraints. Therefore, collaboration between the central government, local governments, and communities is important in overcoming these challenges.