Melanin nanoparticles a bioinspired solution for structural coloration in architecture

Drawing inspiration from nature, structural colouration has the potential to transform the aesthetics and functionality of architectural materials. By employing bioinspired methods alongside advancements in nanotechnology, this research seeks to incorporate structural colouration into architectural surfaces, reducing the dependence on conventional chemical dyes and pigments. Our work focuses on the development and optimisation of melanin nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 50 to 300 nm, to serve as the foundation for creating colour in coatings applicable to a variety of architectural materials, such as wood, concrete, plastic, and steel. We investigate multiple application techniques, including sonochemical methods, dip-coating, and airbrushing, to achieve surface colouration. Expanding beyond traditional materials, our research also delves into the creation of Engineered Living Materials (ELMs). A key aspect of this study is evaluating the compatibility of these nanoparticles with the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans, a non-pathogenic species integral to a living coating system for architectural surfaces. Understanding how these nanoparticles interact with the fungus is critical for designing living systems that exhibit specifi c and desirable colour properties