Evaluation of financial resources of households of Ukraine: income, costs, investment tools

Subject of the research – financial resources of Ukrainian households in terms of their incomes, expenses and investment tools in conditions of economic instability and martial law.The aim of the article is to assess the current state of banking services for managing investment resources of households and to propose approaches for their improvement under conditions of financial uncertainty. Methodology – a systematic approach, statistical analysis of the structure of household expenditures and incomes, as well as methods of comparison and generalization were used to identify the main constraints in the use of investment services. The analysis of the deposit portfolio structure and the study of the dynamics of the volume of government domestic loan bonds (GDLBs) held by individuals were conducted.Results – it was found that expenditures on basic needs significantly limit the investment potential of households, while the structure of income, particularly the low share of income from savings and investments, confirms the limited opportunities for capital accumulation. The analysis of the deposit portfolio showed a low share of long–term deposits, indicating restrained investment activity and a lack of trust in the banking system. An increasing interest of households in GDLBs as a more stable investment instrument was identified.Conclusions – adapting banking services to the needs of households requires expanding the range of investment products, implementing educational initiatives to improve financial literacy, and developing innovative digital platforms for investment management. The proposed measures will contribute to enhancing trust in the banking system and stimulating the investment activity of the population.