Characterization and Applications of Protease Derived from Bacillus Species

Abstract Protease enzyme is the group of an enzyme that catalyses the proteolytic reactions i.e. hydrolysis of proteins into a small polypeptide or single amino acids. This study aims to isolate the proteolytic enzymes producing organisms from the three different soil samples garden soil from B. K. Birla college Kalyan (GS), riverbank of Ulhas river Shahad (RS) and timber processing area from Umaya trading (TS). The serial dilution was performed to isolate the organism where 0.1 mL of sample was spread on the skim milk agar plate. Three isolate GS, RS and TS were selected for further study depending on the clear zone on the skim milk agar plate. The isolates GS, RS and TS were found to be Bacillus sp.by morphological and biochemical tests. Furthermore, the nutritional parameter of selective media like carbon and nitrogen source, physiochemical characteristics like pH and temperature & kinetic parameter were studied. It was found that lactose and tryptone were good carbon and nitrogen sources giving the highest yield whereas the optimum pH and temperature were found to be 7 and 60°C respectively. The unknown concentration of the crude enzyme was determined using a tyrosine standard curve. These enzymes gave better results for genomic DNA extraction from the bacterial cell, unhairing of goat skin, gelatine extraction from chicken feet and meat tenderization. Thus, they can be used in a different industry such as leather industry, gelatine extraction, and meat tenderization and can be applied in the biotechnological applications.