Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of Jacquemontia Pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don.: A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Study

Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don., also referred to as Sky-blue Cluster vine, comprises a flowering vine that belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. This research focused on the investigation of phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy of the plant parts of J. pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don. different parts like leaves, stem, and flowers. This research mainly focuses on the investigation of qualitative & quantitative phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity of different plant parts. Plant extract was prepared in three solvent like methanol, hexane and distilled water by cold extraction method. From the qualitative phytochemical screening, different extract shows the presence kind of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and phytosterols, and primary metabolites like protein and amino acids. The quantitative assays have been used to identify the total content of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins by using the spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant activity has been determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and phosphomolybdate assay (PMA), which revealed statistical data regarding the plant’s capacity to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Antibacterial activity was determined against two different bacterial strains, including Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram -ve bacteria (Escherichia coli), by performing the well diffusion method. The various phytochemical constituents show during the analysis of different plant parts and extraction solution. The highest flavonoid content was found in hexane extract of leaves, with value of 7.265 ± 0.0036. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract of flowers, with value of 6.302 ± 0. While the highest tannin content was found in methanol extract of leaves, with value of 2.348 ± 0.042. Hexane flower extract shows higher antioxidant activity with lowest IC50 value of 14.06 in DPPH assay, while hexane stem extract shows less antioxidant activity with highest IC50 value of 88.39 among all the extracts. In PMA antioxidant activity distilled water extracts of flower shows % inhibition of free radicals, with value of 86.06%. The leaf extracts demonstrate high antibacterial potential then the stem. The largest zone of inhibition was seen in fresh leaf methanolic extract 23mm. D.W. extracts not evaluate any zone of inhibition.