Comprehensive Review of the Biological Causes of Male Infertility and Therapeutic Approaches for Treatment

Male infertility is the reason for half of the 8-12% couple suffering from infertility. Male infertility increases from time to time and it is one of the concern people facing nowadays. Biologically, it is caused by genetics, anatomical and hormonal. In this review biological causes of male infertility like varicocele, infection, ejaculation, Anti-sperm antibodies (ASA), Undescended testis or Cryptorchidism, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) are explained in details and the treatment such as assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) surgical interventions and hormonal therapies. Lifestyle modifications also can help to improve the sperm quality.