Review of Zero Waste Pattern Making Techniques in Building Sustainable Fashion

The fashion industry is creating major environmental concerns by polluting the water, increasing the use of natural resources, and creating landfills with textile and apparel waste. Due to fast fashion, there has been an increase in apparel production and textile waste. During the manufacturing process of apparel, converting the 2D patterns to 3D shapes involving, cutting, sewing, finishing, fusing, and the rest of the process, 15% of total fabric consumption goes into waste and creates a landfill. Fabric wastes exist in Pre-consumer textile waste and post-consumer textile waste. Pre-consumer textile waste includes wastes created from yarn development to fabric and garment development. Post-consumer textile waste is created out of consumer-used apparel. It is the need of the hour that the industry must take appropriate conscious action to build an eco-friendly environment. Zero-waste Pattern Making, a part of Zero waste fashion design, is one technique that utilizes the fabric's width, leaving no textile waste or minimizing the textile waste. All the methods of Zero waste pattern making aim at maximizing the complete width of the fabric and reducing the fabric waste. This paper focuses on the available methods of Zero waste pattern making and reviews the technique, its technicality, outcomes, challenges, and possibilities associated with zero-waste pattern making. The objective of this study is to bring the focus of the industry to this option of zero waste pattern-making technique, to achieve a sustainable environment, reviewing the techniques and finding the possibilities of opportunities in Zero waste patternmaking. The methodology used is descriptive using secondary data, reviewing the research articles focusing on Zero waste fashion design and zero-waste pattern-making techniques, set of practices, rules and principles, and explorations. Analysis of the literature review will help researchers, academicians, and industry to find the direction and opportunities in zero waste pattern making.