Seroprevalence and Serosurveillance of Brucellosis in Human and Animal in Tertiary Care Hospital at Gujarat State of India

Introduction: Brucellosis is considered as one of the widest spread zoonosis in the world. The importance of this contagious disease is the economic impact on livestock industry. Causes severe hazard to human health, through either direct contact with infected animals or the consumption of contaminated milk and dairy products. The rural population is primarily engaged in agriculture for which cattle are used. Due to inordinate exposure to animals and products and ignorance regarding zoonotic diseases, high prevalence of brucellosis, is not much studies in India. Brucella melitensis is the most virulent species that causes. Material and Method: In present study was from, December 2022 to November 2023 Total no of fever cases 2219 suspected with brucellosis 200 tested by using Elisa technique. Also study Total 17665 pregnant animal reported total sample 17665 sample tested by using Rose Bengal test and Milk ring test. Results: The present study was conducted from, December 2022 to November 2023. Samples of both, human and animals were tested. Total no. of fever cases in human were 2219. Out of these 2219, suspected human with brucellosis were 200. It was tested by Elisa test. All 200 human samples, tested by Elisa were Negative. Out of all these talukas maximum number of Human tested were from Sagbara 120(60%) followed by Nandod 30(15%) Dediapada 20(10%) Garudeshwer 15 (7.5%), Tilkawada 15(7.5%). All 200 human samples, tested by Elisa were Negative. Animal side Data collected from all talukas of Narmada district from GAHC portal (Govt. of Gujarat) and INAPH MIS (NDDB) reports under NAIP program (Rashtriya Gokul Mission – Govt. of India. In our study, total 17665 pregnant animal samples were tested by using Rose Bengal test and Milk ring test. The study was conducted in different talukas like, Nandod, Garudeshwar, Tilakwada, Dediapada and Sagbara. Out of all these talukas maximum number of animals tested were from Nandod 4711(26.5%) followed by Garudeshwer 3143(17.7%), Tilkawada 3528(19.9%), Dediapada 3699(20.9%) and Sagbara 2854(16.15%). Out of all these tested animals with brucellosis, confirmed case were 16. Out of these 16 positive detected animals maximum rate of positivity was seen in Sagbara 8(50%), Nandod 4(25%) followed by Garudeshwer 3(18.75%), Dediapada 2(12.5%), Tilkawada 1(6.25%), also we have notices all the diagnosed animal had pregnancy with abortion. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the seroprevalence of brucellosis was low in human and higher in animal. In my study Maximum cases reported in the Sagbara block. Minimum cases reported by in the Tilakwada block. This study emphaises, collaborative one health approach that consists of public education, development of infrastructure for disease surveillance and reporting in both veterinary and medical fields and campaigns for control in livestock. Also the study helps to create public awareness among animal owners, farm and animal health workers on transmission and health hazards of brucellosis through community training. The implementation of public policy focused on mitigating the socioeconomic effects of brucellosis in human and animal.