Describe the Complications of Anesthesia in Plastic

Background: It is still one of the most common aesthetic procedures done in the world – rhinoplasty. Objective: This study is interested to determine and analysis clinical findings related to 82 cases who underwent plastic Rhinoplasty. Patients and methods: A total of 82 cases who underwent rhinoplasty were recruited. The participants' ages ranged from 25 to 45 years. Demographic and surgical data were collected from different hospitals in Iraq during a period ranging from February 2022 to December 2023. These data included age, gender, body mass index, surgical procedures, and post-operative complications. The study also examined the relationship between surgery and patients' quality of life. Results: The study found that patients over the age of 40 were the highest, with 34 cases. Of these, 63 were female, 17 were male, and 9 were smokers. The reasons for surgery included functional (12 cases), aesthetic (6 cases), and both (62 cases). Septoplasty was performed in 6 cases. Seven cases were classified as primary, while 13 cases were classified as secondary. The prevalence of comorbidities was 54.88%. The mean operative time for closed surgery was 2.30 ± 0.14 minutes, while the mean operative time for open surgery was 2.66 ± 0.43 minutes. The anaesthesia used consisted of local anaesthesia in 17 cases, general anaesthesia in 21 cases, and sedation in six cases. A total of 12 patients in the closed group received local anaesthesia, 10 received general anaesthesia, and six received sedation. The mean length of stay was 1.31 ± 0.56 days, with a follow-up period of 9 months. The mortality rate was at least 1-2 cases. In the assessment of the quality of nose scores, it was observed that breathing difficulties increased from 2.7 in the preoperative period to 0.7 in the postoperative period. Conversely, sleeping difficulties decreased from 2.1 in the preoperative period to 0.5 in the postoperative period. Postoperative anaesthesia complications were observed in 20% of cases, with nausea and vomiting being the most common complications, affecting six cases, and infection affecting five cases. Conclusions: The incidence of major complications after rhinoplasty is low but more common in patients over 40 or those undergoing additional plastic surgery. No significant gender differences exist in the risk of complications.