Artificial Intelligence & Criminal Justice System in India

The Indian legal system has not been transformed due to case backlogs, a shortage of judges and staff, extended hearing dates, and lengthy court procedures. All of these concerns contribute to the delay or denial of justice. In recent years, the science of criminal procedure law has been actively discussing the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI). The notion of “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) is not enshrined in legislation. Still, it is represented by scientific theories, methodologies, and procedures that all have one thing in common: they aim to imitate human cognitive capacities using computers. AI is being used by both criminals and law enforcement, creating a new dynamic in the crime-fighting process. Artificial intelligence can automate regular processes such as case management and document screening. Analysing large amounts of data can reveal trends and predictions, facilitating decision-making. The law enforcement system serves a variety of tasks, including risk assessment, predictive policing, and sentencing. Despite its benefits, technological advancement has created new obstacles for legal regimes as they strive to regulate its usage and protect individual rights. As legal systems attempt to fully understand the implications of emerging technologies for legal decision-making, and with certain restrictions, using artificial intelligence and machine learning in criminal justice raises questions. As these technologies grow, it is critical to recognise their potential benefits and concerns and employ them in a way that respects individual rights and complements human decision-making processes. This paper will look at the use of AI in criminal justice and its possible impact on the future of criminal law in India.