Electrolytic Surface Decontamination in the Reconstructive Therapy of Peri-Implantitis: Single-Center Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Surface decontamination in the reconstructive therapy of peri-implantitis is of paramount importance to achieve favorable outcomes. The objective of this single-center study derived from a large multicenter clinical trial was to compare the electrolytic method (EM) used as an adjunct to mechanical decontamination, to hydrogen peroxide (HP) also used as an adjunct to mechanical decontamination, in the reconstructive therapy of peri-implantitis. At 12-month (T2) follow-up, 19 patients (Nimplants= 23) completed the study. None of the tested modalities demonstrated superiority in terms of the assessed clinical parameters. Only mucosal recession showed higher stability in the EM group. Alike, radiographic marginal bone level gain and defect angle changes at T2 did not differ between the evaluated strategies. Notably, disease resolution was ∼16% higher in the EM; however, differences did not reach statistical significance. Additionally, it was demonstrated that pocket depth and intra-bony component depth at baseline were predictors of disease resolution. In conclusion, the EM combined with mechanical instrumentation results in a safe and effective surface decontamination modality in the reconstructive therapy of peri-implantitis. This strategy resulted in ∼91% disease resolution rate.