An Analytical Study on the Prognostic Effect of Composite Index of Physical Resilience in Elderly Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia

Objective To study the prognostic effect of composite index of physical resilience in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia who were treated in Chinese PLA General Hospital and Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023 as the investigation objects. According to the treatment results, they were divided into cure outcome group and adverse outcome group. Four aspects of patients' social, disease, physiological and physical resilience information were collected. R software version 3.6.3 was used for data analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated by principal component analysis method, and each component was obtained by formula. Results A total of 106 cases were included, 76 cases were cured and 30 cases had adverse outcomes. The peak expiratory flow rate, calf circumference, grip strength, basic activities of daily living (BADL) score, intermediate activities of daily living (IADL) score and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score of the adverse outcome group were all lower than those of the treatment outcome group (P < 0.05). The 1-year respiratory infection rate, fried frail phenotype (FFP) and clinical frailty scale (CFS) scores in the adverse outcome group were higher than those in the cure outcome group (P < 0.05). The dimensions of multicollinearity were reduced by principal component analysis, and four composite indexes, namely nutritional status (calf circumference, body mass index and grip strength), functional ability (BADL score and IADL score), mental status (MMSE score and Athens insomnia scale) and frailty status (FFP score and CFS score), were established. Multivariate analysis of Cox proportional risk model showed that the history of respiratory tract infection within 1 year was an independent risk factor (P < 0.05), and nutritional status and functional ability were independent protective factors (P < 0.05) . Conclusion The nutritional state and functional ability of the composite index of physical resilience are effective in predicting the prognosis of elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.