纳米材料在缺血性卒中诊疗中的研究进展及挑战 Research Progress and Challenges of Nanomaterials in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

卒中是中国居民致死和长期致残的主要原因，传统的治疗药物受限于血脑屏障阻碍、稳定性差、缺乏靶向性、低载药量，治疗效果可能欠理想。纳米材料作为一种新兴的、非侵入性、可实时控制的药物，已被广泛用于卒中的诊疗。纳米药物能够有效提高药物的生物相容性、稳定性、靶向性，并延长药物的半衰期，从而有效改善传统药物的疗效。近年来纳米材料在缺血性卒中诊疗领域取得了一定进展，但仍面临临床转化等挑战。本文主要综述纳米材料在缺血性卒中诊疗中的研究进展和挑战，旨在继续推动纳米材料在卒中诊疗中的研究与应用。 Abstract: Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability among residents in China. Traditional therapeutic drugs are limited by the obstruction of the blood-brain barrier, poor stability, lack of targeting, and low drug loading, which may result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Nanomaterials, as an emerging, non-invasive, and real-time controllable drug delivery system, have been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke. Nanomedicines can effectively enhance the biocompatibility, stability, and targeting of drugs, as well as prolong their half-life, thereby significantly improving the efficacy of traditional medications. In recent years, there has been some progress in the application of nanomaterials in the field of ischemic stroke diagnosis and treatment, although challenges in clinical translation remain. This article primarily reviews the research progress and challenges of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke, aiming to further promote the research and application of nanomaterials in stroke therapy.