中国卒中康复20年 Two Decades of Stroke Rehabilitation in China

康复治疗已被循证医学证实为降低卒中致残的有效方法。过去20年，中国卒中康复领域经历了快速发展，从政策推动、服务体系建设到新技术应用均取得了重大进展。近年来，“全方位、全周期的康复医疗服务”理念得到进一步发展；卒中的三级康复网络体系已基本形成；康复新技术的发展，如机器人、虚拟现实、脑机接口等技术，为卒中后功能障碍的恢复提供了新的手段。然而，我国卒中康复仍面临康复理念推广不足、资源分配不均、社区及居家康复医疗建设不足、专业人才短缺、康复治疗相关的经济负担较重等挑战。未来，需进一步加强康复服务体系建设，优化资源配置，推动新技术的临床转化和推广，以提升我国卒中患者的康复效果和生活质量。 Abstract: Rehabilitation therapy has been proven by evidence-based medicine as an effective method for reducing disability caused by stroke. Over the past two decades, the field of stroke rehabilitation in China has experienced rapid development, achieving significant progress in policy promotion, service system construction, and the application of new technologies. The concept of “comprehensive and full-cycle rehabilitation medical services” in our country has been further developed, and the three-tier rehabilitation network of stroke has taken shape. The development of new rehabilitation technologies, such as robot technology, virtual reality technology, and brain-computer interface technology, has provided new means for the recovery of functional impairments after stroke. However, stroke rehabilitation in China still faces challenges such as insufficient understanding of rehabilitation concepts, uneven resource distribution, inadequate community and home rehabilitation medical construction, shortage of professional talents, and heavy economic burden related to rehabilitation treatment. In the future, it is necessary to further strengthen the construction of the rehabilitation service system, optimize resource allocation, and promote the clinical transformation and popularization of new technologies, so as to improve the rehabilitation effects and quality of life for stroke patients in China.